不同种源赤皮青冈幼林生长性状变异及种源选择

Variations in growth traits and provenance selection of Cyclobalanopsis gilva

为了了解不同种源赤皮青冈(Cyclobalanopsis gilva)在福建省建瓯市的生长性状变异情况,进一步选择优良种源,以福建建瓯、浙江鄞州、江西婺源和湖南靖州等4个种源4年生赤皮青冈试验林为研究对象,通过对赤皮青冈生长指标进行变异分析、多重比较、方差分析、遗传力估算、相关性分析、主成分分析以及遗传增益分析等,进行优良种源的选择.种源间生长性状存在较大变异,福建建瓯种源的材积变异系数最高(达71.03%).经过多重比较,发现浙江鄞州种源的生长指标都优于其他种源,福建建瓯的最差.种源间的生长指标都达到极显著差异(P<0.01),种源间树高、胸径、材积的种源遗传力分别为0.725、0.773和0.754,受到较高程度的遗传控制.树高、胸径和材积之间存在极显著相关,材积与树高的相关系数最高,为0.955.主成分分析结果表明,浙江鄞州种源综合得分最高(5.330),其单株材积的遗传增益最大(27.14%).4年生赤皮青冈不同种源间存在变异情况,且存在显著差异.浙江鄞州、湖南靖州种源选入优良种源,浙江鄞州种源的表现最好.

To select elite provenance for Cyclobalanopsis gilva plantation in Jian′ou County,Fujian Province,variations in growth traits of several 4-year-old C.gilva provenances were investigated.They were provenances from Jian′ou(FJJO),Yinzhou District of Zhejiang Province(ZJYZ),Wuyuan County of Jiangxi Province(JXWY)and Jingzhou County of Hunan Province(HNJZ),respectively.C.gilva seeds from 4 provenances were germinated and cultivated on the experimental forest farm in Jian′ou,and growth indicators were measured and analyzed.Analysis of variation,multiple comparison test,estimation of heritability,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and calculation of genetic gain were conducted on the growth indicators.The results showed that growth traits varied significantly among provenances,with the highest variation coefficient being the volume of FJJO provenance(71.03%).Multiple comparison test revealed that ZJYZ provenance surpassed all other provenances in terms of all growth indexes while FJJO provenance was the worst.Growth indexes varied significantly among provenances(P<0.01).Heritability of tree height,diameter at breast height(DBH),and volume reached 0.725,0.773 and 0.754,respectively,implying relatively high degrees of influences from heritability.Extremely significant correlations were found between tree height,DBH and volume,with the highest correlation coefficient being between volume and tree height(0.955).Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of ZJYZ was the highest(5.330),with maximum genetic gain of its volume reaching 27.14%.To summarize,growth traits varied significantly among 4 provenances of 4-year-old C.gilva.ZJYZ and HNJZ provenances were selected as the excellent provenances,with ZJYZ being the premium provenance.