福建省2009-2018年人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力的时空动态

Temporal and spatial dynamics of ecological footprint per capita and ecological carrying capacity per capita in Fujian Province from 2009 to 2018

利用生态足迹法核算2009-2018年福建省人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力,基于ArcGIS和Stata统计分析软件,结合ESDA(探索性空间数据分析)方法对福建省人均生态承载力进行时空动态分析,结果表明:2009-2018年福建省人均生态足迹总体上呈现上升的趋势,从2009年的2.630 hm^(2)·人^(-1)增长至2018年的3.336 hm^(2)·人^(-1);人均生态承载力呈现较稳定并轻微下降的趋势,从2009年的0.566 hm^(2)·人^(-1)降至2018年的0.534 hm^(2)·人^(-1);生态赤字和生态压力指数持续增大,但有缓解的态势;生态协调系数偏低且总体上呈下降的趋势.人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力均有较明显的空间分布差异,各年份和地市的福建省人均生态足迹指数和人均生态承载力指数均有差异,其中,人均生态承载力呈西北高、东南低的格局,沿海地区的城市人均生态承载普遍偏低.人均生态承载力存在显著的全局空间正相关,各地市呈现出高—高集聚或低—低集聚的特征,且空间相对差异呈增长趋势.

To provide reference for the balanced development between urban,economy and ecology,the spatiotemporal dynamics of ecological footprint per capita and ecological carrying capacity per capita of Fujian Province(2009-2018)were calculated using ecological footprint method based on ArcGIS and Stata statistical software,after which they were subject to exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA).The results showed that the ecological footprint per capita of Fujian maintained an upward trend,from 2.630 hm^(2) per person in 2009 to 3.336 hm^(2) per person in 2018 while ecological carrying capacity per capita was relatively stable with a slight decline,from 0.566 hm^(2) per person in 2009 to 0.534 hm^(2) per person in 2018.Ecological deficit and ecological pressure index of Fujian continued to increase,but also showed a tendency of alleviation.Ecological footprint per capita and ecological carrying capacity per capita witnessed relatively significant spatial variation,which were influenced by year and city.Moreover,ecological carrying capacity per capita showed a pattern of higher level in the northwest region and lower level in the southeast part,and it stayed generally low in the coastal areas.Ecological carrying capacity per capita was positively correlated with global spatial distribution,specifically,cities were featured by patterns of high-high agglomeration or low-low agglomeration,and the spatial difference was expanding.