玉米秸秆添加畜禽粪便田间条带堆腐对黑土活性有机碳的影响

Effects of strip composting for corn straw combined with livestock manure on soil active organic carbon

为明确秸秆田间条带堆腐在农业生产中推广应用的可能性,以吉林省范家屯农业科技示范园黑土为研究对象,探讨秸秆添加不同畜禽粪便田间条带堆腐还田对土壤活性有机碳的影响。以玉米秸秆为供试材料,进行田间堆腐试验,设置本地秸秆覆盖还田(即对照,CK)、秸秆条带堆腐无畜禽粪便(ST)、秸秆条带堆腐+腐熟猪粪(STP)、秸秆条带堆腐+腐熟鸡粪(STC)4个处理。通过测定土壤有机碳(SOC)、土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、土壤溶解性有机碳(DOC)、土壤易氧化有机碳(EOC),综合分析土壤活性有机碳的含量和碳库管理指数(CPMI)。结果表明:秸秆条带堆腐还田各处理土壤SOC、MBC、EOC、DOC含量均高于CK处理,其中秸秆条带还田添加畜禽粪便处理更为显著,各活性碳组分含量较CK处理呈升高趋势。相关性分析表明田间条带堆腐土壤SOC、DOC、EOC、CPMI间呈现显著或极显著正相关,与氧化稳定系数(Kos)显著或极显著负相关。玉米秸秆条带堆腐还田有效增加土壤SOC、MBC、DOC、EOC含量,秸秆添加不同畜禽粪便处理中鸡粪更显著增加土壤有机碳和土壤活性有机碳含量,增加CPMI,降低Kos,对改善黑土碳库质量有着积极的作用。

To evaluate the effects of applying straw strip in-situ composting in agricultural production,the effects on the distribution of soil active organic carbon in straw in-situ strip composting in the field combined with the application of different livestock and poultry manures were determined.The black soils in the agricultural science and technology demonstration park in Fanjiatun,Jilin Province,were used as experimental objects.Corn stalks were used as the test material to conduct field in-situ composting experiments,where the treatments under study included conventional straw return to the field(CK),straw strip return(ST),straw strip+pig manure(STP),and straw strip+chicken manure(STC).Soil organic carbon(SOC),soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and soil easily oxidizable organic carbon(EOC)were measured.Moreover,the content of each component of activated organic carbon was analyzed,and the carbon pool management index(CPMI)was calculated.The results showed that the contents of SOC,MBC,DOC,and EOC in the treatments with strip straw composting were all higher than those of the CK treatment.Among the treatments,the strip straw treatments combined with livestock and poultry manure were more effective in increasing the content of active carbon components compared with that of the CK.Correlation analysis also showed there was a significant positive correlation between SOC,DOC,EOC,and CPMI in the strip straw-composted soil,whereas these parameters had a highly significant negative correlation with the oxidation stability coefficient(Kos).The strip straw composting method of returning straw to the field effectively increased the content of SOC,MBC,DOC,and EOC in the soil.Chicken manure was more conducive to increasing soil organic carbon content,whereas the treatments with straw combined with livestock and poultry manure were more effective in increasing the soil active organic carbon content,increasing the CPMI,and reducing Kos.The findings of this study reveal that the straw in-situ strip composting method combined with the application of different livestock and poultry manures has a positive effect on improving the quality of the black soil carbon pool.