我国蓝碳标准体系的需求和设计

Demands and Design for China’s Blue Carbon Standards System

建立我国蓝碳标准体系并制定相应标准既是履行《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》义务,获得可比蓝碳数据和深化科学认知的需要,也是采取有效措施减缓和适应气候变化,探索开展蓝碳交易的需要。在基于自然的解决方案被列为6大应对气候变化措施,海洋应对气候变化受到前所未有重视之际,这一工作尤为紧迫。我国蓝碳标准体系在内容上应包括红树林、海草床、滨海沼泽和海藻场等海岸带蓝碳生态系统,养殖贝类、藻类等"渔业碳汇"在内的海洋资源生物以及"微型生物碳汇"三部分,在结构上可划分为基础通用、碳储量调查、碳通量监测、碳储量和碳通量评估与报告以及减缓措施和适应措施6个子体系。近期应着手修订蓝碳标准体系,明确标准体例和重要术语,以调查及减缓和适应气候变化,推动标准制定。

Establishing China’s blue carbon standards system and developing standards can meet the need of implementing UNFCCC and Paris Agreement,acquiring comparable blue carbon data and deepening scientific understanding,effectively mitigating and adapting climate change,and starting the blue carbon trade.It is much more urgent than ever before to start this work at the time when Nature-based Solutions have been listed as one of six climate change actions,and the importance of oceanic measurements have been widely recognized.Coastal blue carbon ecosystems including mangroves,seagrasses,tidal marshes and seaweeds,marine economic species including the cultured seaweeds and shellfishes(also named after Fishery Carbon),as well as microbial carbon are suggested to be included in China’s blue carbon standards system.It is suggested that it can be subdivided into six sub-systems including general requirements,carbon storage investigation,carbon flux monitoring,assessment and reporting of storage and flux,mitigation measurements and adaptation measurements.In the near future,it is necessary to revise the standards system(2017 version),clarify the standards structure and the glossary of blue carbon,and accelerate standard development process with field investigation as well as mitigation of and adaptation to climate changes.