体育与人的全面发展:基于马克思主义身体哲学视角的考察

Sports and Overall Development of People: The Exploration into Sports Through the Perspective of Marxism′s Philosophy of Body

马克思主义哲学在讨论人的本质时,肉身身体(自然本质)、感性身体(类本质)和社会身体(社会本质)这一身体线索始终贯穿其中。体育在马克思身体哲学的理论体系中,对人的全面发展具有无可替代的重要价值。体育起源于劳动,但却在后续的发展中,逐渐从劳动中升华,成为最能体现和成就人们肉身身体、感性身体和社会身体发展的特殊身体活动形式。着眼于人的肉身身体,体育对人全面发展的贡献主要体现在其对身心一元、激发最大潜能的充分发展的追求上;着眼于人的感性身体,体育对人全面发展的贡献主要体现在其对必然规律的把握,从而实现突破自我极限的自由发展的追求上;着眼于人的社会身体,体育对人全面发展的贡献主要体现在通过每个人的发展从而促成整个人类社会的和谐发展上。

When discussing Marxist philosophy, the physical clues of physical body(natural essence), perceptual body(quasi-essential) and social body(social essence) always run through it.In the theoretical system of Marx′s body philosophy, sports have irreplaceable and important value for the overall people′s development. Sports originated from labor, but in the subsequent development, it gradually sublimated from labor and became the best way to reflect and achieve people′s physical body.Focusing on the physical body of the person, the contribution of sports to the overall development of the person is mainly reflected in its pursuit of the full development of the body and mind, and inspiring the maximum potential;In terms of significance, the contribution of sports to the overall development of people is mainly reflected in its grasp of the inevitable law, so as to realize the pursuit of free development that breaks through its own limits;focusing on the social body of people, the contribution of sports to the overall development of people is mainly reflected in the development of each person and thus the harmonious development of the entire human society.