社会记忆的生成与书写:体育口述史研究的社会学路径及转向

The Generation and Writing of Social Memory: The Sociological Approach and Turn of the Research on Oral History of Sports

研究中所构建的社会记忆生成及其书写的分析框架,试图在体育口述史与社会记忆之间建立联系,实现体育口述史研究的社会学路径及方法转向。研究认为:(1)构建个体运动行为志、个体经验与群体结构互动叙事、社会网络视角下体育亲历者叙事与社会记忆建构等3个层面的研究指向,是"自下而上"实现"小故事与大社会"互联的理论基础;(2)从口述史角度出发,其理论转向在于对体育亲历者生命叙事背后的制度变迁、文化传承人生命叙事背后的族群文化生态、个体口述叙事中的意义指涉与文化抒写等3个层面的社会学研究;(3)体育口述史的社会学研究转向还在于对个体与国族认同的关注、高水平竞技背后的共同体再生产与共同体认同机制、国族认同背后的个体价值实现及心灵轨迹等3个方面。

The analytical framework for the generation and writing of social memory constructed in this article attempts to establish a connection between oral history of sports and social memory, realizing the transformation of sociological paths and methods of sports oral history research.According to the study:(1)The theoretical basis of "bottom-up" linking "small story and big society" is to construct the research direction of individual sports behavior, interactive narrative of individual experience and group structure, narrative of sports personal experience and construction of social memory from the perspective of social network.(2)From the perspective of oral history, the theoretical turn of the research lies in the sociological research on three levels: the institutional change behind the life narrative of sports witnesses, the ethnic cultural ecology behind the life narrative of cultural inheritors, and the meaning reference and cultural expression in individual oral narrative.(3)The sociological research of sports oral history also focuses on three aspects: attention to individual and national identity, community reproduction and community identity mechanism behind high-level competition, individual value realization and spiritual track behind national community identity.