“душа”与“любовь”:语词与文本的跨语言文化旅行史——列夫·托尔斯泰《复活》三个汉译本的关键词比较研究

“душа” and “любовь”: A Trans-Linguistic and Cultural Journey of Words and Text——Comparative Study on the Keywords of Leo Tolstoy’s Novel Воскресение in its Three Chinese Versions

在托尔斯泰长篇小说《复活》的三部代表性汉译本中,对原作主题建构具有重要作用的两个关键词"ш"和"лю爱"的具体内涵被置换为男女爱慕之情和世俗伦理规范。此种语义误读误译并非译语语词相对原语的孤立偏离,其生成原因可归结为以基督教信仰为核心的俄罗斯文化与以儒家学说为主体的中国传统文化之间的差异以及建基其上的两国文学系统的差异。

In the three most important Chinese versions of Leo Tolstoy’s novel Воскресение(Resurrection), there is an erroneous translation of "душа"("soul") and "любовь"("love"), which are the two key words for understanding the theme of the work. Instead of the religious meaning, the usual meaning of "душа" became the main one in the translation, and the Christian "любовь" in the original was replaced by secular love in the translated texts. The reason for the erroneous translation is that Russian culture, the core of which is Christianity(Orthodox Church), is different from Chinese culture, where Confucianism occupies a central place, and therefor, Russian literature also differs from Chinese literature.