西藏地区草莓“章姬”和“红颜”茎尖快繁技术研究

Study on Rapid Propagation Technique of Stem Apex of Two Strawberry Varieties "Zhangji" and "Hongyan" in Tibet

以草莓品种"红颜"和"章姬"匍匐茎茎尖为材料,研究外植体诱导、试管苗增殖与生根培养过程中外源激素种类与浓度配比及试管苗驯化移栽条件,为高原低气压地区设施草莓脱毒种苗生产提供理论依据。结果表明:初代培养中,随6-BA浓度增加,草莓茎尖不定芽萌发率先升后降,MS+6-BA1.5处理表现最好;与只添加6-BA相比,增加一定量的NAA能显著提高草莓不定芽萌发率,MS+6-BA_(1.0)+NAA_(0.2)组合优势最强,"红颜"和"章姬"不定芽萌发率分别达62%和75%。和初代培养相比,继代与增殖培养中,需要较低浓度配比的外源激素,MS+6-BA_(0.2)+NAA_(0.1)组合优势最强,"红颜"和"章姬"丛生芽增殖系数分别达4.2和4.8。加入一定量的IBA,可促进草莓试管苗发根,以1/2 MS+IBA_(0.05)处理最有效,"红颜"和"章姬"发根率分别达78.4%和88.1%。驯化移栽过程中,草炭︰蛭石︰珍珠岩=4︰1︰1基质组合相对较好,两供试草莓试管苗成活率分别达50.1%和47.9%。6-BA在草莓茎尖快繁体系中起着主导性作用,NAA可协同促进这一作用。

The stem apex of strawberry stolons"Hongyang"and"Zhang Ji"were used as materials to study the ratioof exogenous hormone species and concentration in the process of explants induction,in vitro plantlet proliferationand rooting culture,and the conditions of in vitro plantlet domestication and transplanting,so as to provide theoreti-cal basis for the production of virus-free strawberry seedlings in low-pressure plateau area.Results show that in theprimary culture,with the increase of 6-BA concentration,the stem apex adventitious bud germination of strawberryfirst increased and then decreased,and MS+6-BA1.5treatment was the best.Compared with only adding 6-BA,adding a certain amount of NAA could significantly improve the germination rate of adventitious bud of strawberry,and MS+6-BA_(1.0)+NAA_(0.2)combination had the strongest advantage.The germination rate of"Hongyan"and"Zhangji"adventitious buds of the two tested strawberries is 62%and 75%,respectively.Compared with the prima-ry culture,the subculture and propagation need a lower concentration of 6-BA and NAA,in which the combinationof MS+6-BA_(0.2)+NAA_(0.1)has the strongest advantage,and the multiplication coefficients of cluster buds reached on4.2 and 4.8,respectively.Adding a certain amount of IBA can promote the rooting of strawberry test tube seedlings,among which 1/2 MS+6-BA_(0.05)treatment is the most effective.In the process of acclimation and transplanting,thematrix combination of peat,vermiculite and perlite=4:1:1 was relatively good,and the survival rate of strawberry invitro seedlings in the two tests was 50.1%and 47.9%,respectively.6-BA plays a leading role in the tissue cultureof stem apex and shoot rapid propagation,which can be promoted by NAA.