“脱嵌型”失范处境与职业抑制——基于华中某产业园区的经验观察

The“Disembedding”Anomic Situation and Occupational Restraint—An Investigation in an Industrial Estate Located in Central China

在转型社会的背景下,通过描述剧烈社会变迁中新生代流动劳工职业生活中存在的问题,延续涂尔干的“社会整合—职业团体/规范—个体自由”的理论框架,研究发现:社会转型期间出现的社会解组和规范真空状态,并不能完全依赖市场与国家的力量来解决。作为实现社会整合的关键要素,制度化的职业团体和职业规范通过为个人提供稳定而坚固的组织关系和行动规范,增强不同职业类型中职业收益、职业时长等因素对职业生活的正向影响,保障职业环境中“社会性”庇护关系与制度性庇护关系的良性互动,从而避免流动劳工“脱嵌”型职业失范的发生。在学理意义上,从产生社会整合“条件”的角度,对流动劳工的职业失范状态进行了解释;在政策意义上,是对社会治理共同体模式的思考。

This paper describes professional problems among the new generation of migrant workers in the background of dramatic social changes.Sharing from Durkheim s anomie analysis and professional organizations restraining the state of anomia,this article addresses that during the period of social transformation,the issues arising from social disorganization and the state of no specification can t rely solely on the market and the power of the state.As key elements of social integration,institutionalized professional organizations and professional norms both play a role of their own stability in providing individuals with solid and stable organization relationship and specification.Furthermore,the positive influence of occupational income,duration and other factors among different occupation types on occupational behavior will be enhanced,and the benign interaction between social and institutional asylum relations will be ensured.All of the above will help to avoid the occurrence of occupational anomalism of migrant workers.From the perspective of academic analysis,this article mainly explains migrant workers status of anomie/anomia from the view of“conditions”of producing social integration.From the perspective of policy,this paper is a reflection on the model of social governance community in the fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee.