张衡《思玄赋》中的星象研究

On the Contellations in Zhang Heng’s Poem Si Xuan Fu

张衡是东汉杰出的天文学家,在《思玄赋》中张衡专门用了一段文字描述星象,这在汉赋中是比较罕见的。通过研究《思玄赋》中的星象,对赋中的星名进行考察,认为《思玄赋》的星官主要来源于《天官书》和石氏星经。对《思玄赋》中星象的空间序列及其内涵进行考察,认为《思玄赋》的星象描绘是古代巡狩制度的反映,反映了汉代人的礼治理想,并且其星象的天地对应关系不是静态的、孤立的,而是动态的、彼此联系的。

Zhang Heng was an eminent astronomer and litterateur in the Eastern Han Dynasty,Zhang Heng used a paragraph to describe the constellations in his poem Si Xuan Fu,which is relatively rare in Han Fu.This paper studies the constellations in Si Xuan Fu.Based on investigations of the names of the constellations,we believe that the constellations in Si Xuan Fu mainly derived from Tian Guan Shu and Shi Shi Xing Jing.We study the connotation and spatial sequence of the constellations in Si Xuan Fu,and believe that the constellations in this poem reflects the ritual activities of ancient cruise and the ideal of the rule by rites of the Han Dynasty,and the corresponding relationship between heaven and earth is not static and isolated,but dynamic and interrelated.