“超国家化”对现代国家的挑战:国际政治社会学的视角

The Challenges of Supranationalization to the Modern State: A Perspective from International Political Sociology

晚近30余年来,在政治、经济、法律和文化的全球化力量推动下,"超国家化"从欧洲语境下的国际现象变成了世界性的全球现象,将广度、深度前所未有并充满复杂性、流动性与不确定性的区域和全球问题推至现代国家面前。国际政治社会学"反学科本位主义"和"反方法论本位主义"的跨学科视野,有助于人们更好地理解"超国家化"对领土、对象、权威和正当性等国家基本要素所构成的挑战。为了有效应对这些挑战,现代国家及其研究者需要借助新的尺度、新的视角来构想政治,理解自身与世界,进而发展出能够回应时代问题、适应时代需求、为大多数人的困惑找到答案的思想理论和长期战略。

Over the past three decades,driven by the forces of globalization of politics,economy,law,and culture,supranationalization has changed from a political issue in the European context to a global political phenomenon,which brings to the modern states the global issues that have never been seen before and full of complexity,fluidity,extremeness and uncertainty. As an interdisciplinary area of political science,international relations and sociology,International Political Sociology shows how the supranationalization challenges the modern states in the four aspects,including territory,subjects,authority,and legitimacy. In order to better deal with these challenges,modern states and their researchers need to conceive politics with new dimensions and new perspectives,understand themselves and the world,and then develop theories and long-term strategies responding to the problems of the times,adapting to the needs of the times,and finding answers to the perplexity for most people.