老年衰弱患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群分析

Lymphocyte subsets analysis of peripheral blood in frailty patients

目的:检测老年衰弱患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群变化,探讨其在衰弱综合征发病机制中的作用。方法:选取2016年1月至2019年5月武汉大学中南医院老年医学科就诊的老年患者76例,其中非衰弱组20例,衰弱前期组32例,衰弱期组24例,采用流式细胞仪分别检测外周血细胞及淋巴细胞亚群。结果:衰弱组及衰弱前期组患者外周血CD8^(+)T细胞水平高于非衰弱组患者,衰弱组患者外周血NKT细胞水平高于衰弱前期组及非衰弱组患者,而衰弱组及衰弱前期组患者外周血B细胞水平低于非衰弱组患者(P<0.05)。而3组间外周血白细胞计数、总淋巴细胞、CD3^(+)T细胞、CD4^(+)T细胞及CD4/CD8水平的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:老年衰弱患者中外周血CD8^(+)T细胞及NKT细胞比例升高,B淋巴细胞比例下降,提示免疫功能失调在衰弱综合征的发病机制中有着重要的作用。

Objective:To explore preliminarily the role of immune cells in pathogenesis of frailty by detecting lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in patients with frailty.Methods:A total of 76 patients were involved in this study,including 20 patients without frailty,32 patients in pre-fraily period,and24 patients with frailty,and all subjects received peripheral lymphocyte subsets assay by flow cytometry.Results:The rate of CD8^(+)T cells in pre-frailty and frailty groups were significantly higher than those in patients without frailty,the rate of NKT cells in frailty group were significantly higher than those in pre-frailty and non-frailty groups(P<0.05).The rate of B cells in pre-frailty and frailty groups were significantly lower than those in patients without frailty(P<0.05).However,the levels of white blood count,total lymphocytes,CD3^(+)T cells,CD4^(+)T cells and CD4/CD8 showed no significant difference among the three groups.Conclusion:The higher level of CD8^(+)T cells and NKT cells and the lower level of B cells in patients with frailty indicated that immune dysfunction played im-portant role in pathogenesis of frailty.