历史遗留采矿废弃地生态修复设计——以晋北煤炭基地宁武煤田为例

Ecological restoration design of historical mining wasteland——taking Ningwu coalfield in Northern Shanxi coal base as an example

历史遗留采矿废弃地的生态修复和设计是矿区生态修复的主要任务之一,如何合理设计采矿废弃地的生态修复是保证修复后矿区可持续发展的关键。以晋北宁武煤田采矿废弃地为例,调查和分析了该区域生态修复中存在的主要问题,阐述了该区域相关的关键工程,如灭火工程、地貌重塑工程、土壤重构工程和植被修复工程的生态修复设计,通过在研究区实施的生态修复与治理,在矿区恢复了自然生态基底,构建了健康稳定的生态体系且提高了生态恢复力,增加了生态效益、社会效益和经济效益。

The ecological restoration and design of historical mining wasteland is one of the main tasks of ecological restoration in mining areas,how to rationally design ecological restoration mining wasteland for is the key to ensure the sustainable development of mining areas after restoration.Taking the mining wasteland of Ningwu coalfield in northern Shanxi as an example,the main problems in ecological restoration in this area were investigated and analyzed,and the ecological restoration designs of ralated key projects in this area were elaborated,such as fire extinguish project,landform remodeling project,soil reconstruction project and vegetation restoration project.On the basis of ecological restoration and treatment implemented in the area,the natural ecological base was restored,a healthy and stable ecological system was constructed and the ecological resilience was improved,the ecological,social and economic benefits were increased.