本科男护生职业认同的结构方程模型分析

Analysis of Professional Identity of Male Undergraduate Nursing Students Based on Structural Equation Model

目的通过结构方程模型探本科男护生职业认同影响因素的作用路径及大小。方法于2020年5月-8月,利用便利抽样抽取贵州省某医学院校所有本科男护生进行一般情况问卷调查、护生职业认同量表(PIQNS)和职业相关社会支持量表的电子问卷调查,通过因子分析构建影响男护生职业认同的潜变量因子,用AMOS 22.0软件建立结构方程模型,分析各影响因子间的作用方式。结果本科男护生职业认同得分中位数为55分,职业相关社会支持得分中位数为70分;相关性分析显示,职业认同与职业相关社会支持得分呈正相关(r=0.456);结构方程路径分析显示,对本科男护生职业认同影响效应最大的是专业意愿因子,总效应为0.516,直接效应为0.470,而专业意愿因子和突发公共卫生事件相关因子均可通过影响职业相关社会支持对职业认同产生间接效应,其效应值分别为0.192、0.279,职业相关社会支持仅对职业认同产生直接影响,效应值为0.241。结论职业相关社会支持和突发公共卫生事件会对本科男护生职业认同产生影响,但专业意愿因素依然是影响男护生职业认同的主要因素。

Objective To explore the path and size of influencing factors of professional identity of male undergraduate nursing students by structural equation model.Methods From May to August in 2020,all-male nursing undergraduates in a medical university in Guizhou Province were selected by convenience sampling.The general situation questionnaire,nursing students'professional identity scale(PIQNS),and occupation-related social support scale were investigated by electronic questionnaire.The latent variable factors influencing male nursing students'professional identity were constructed by factor analysis,and the structural equation model was established by AMOS 22.0 to analyze the relationship between the influencing factors.Results The scores of professional identity and social support of male nursing undergraduates were 55 scores and 70 scores,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that occupational identity was positively correlated with occupational related social support score(r=0.456).Structural equation path analysis showed that professional intention factor had the greatest effect on professional identity of undergraduate male nursing students,the total effect was 0.516,and the direct effect was 0.470.Professional intention factor and public health emergencies related factors had indirect effects on professional identity by influencing occupational related social support,and the effect values were 0.192 and 0.279,respectively.Occupational related social support only had a direct effect on professional identity,and the effect value was 0.241.Conclusion Occupational-related social support and public health emergencies have a positive effect on the professional identity of undergraduate male nursing students,but the professional willingness factor is still the main factor affecting the professional identity of male nursing students.