我国锂资源供需现状下西藏盐湖锂产业现状及对策建议

Present Situation and Suggestions of Saline Lake Lithium Resource in Tibet under the Current Situation of Supply and Demand of Lithium Resources in China

2017年我国碳酸锂的消费量为12.8万吨,成为世界上最大的碳酸锂消费国,并于2019年达到21.9万吨,占全球总消费量的69%;同年我国的锂盐产量为25.7万吨。我国利用自身锂资源加工的基础锂盐仅为6.5万吨,锂盐生产很大程度依赖于从国外进口的锂辉石,成本较盐湖提锂而言很高,所以我国锂工业的发展必须从硬岩提锂尽快转变到盐湖卤水提锂这个大趋势中来。我国西藏盐湖锂资源储量丰富,主要分布在扎布耶湖、班戈——杜佳里湖、扎仓茶卡等盐湖中,虽然西藏锂资源储量丰富,但供应能力弱,文章从西藏盐湖锂资源分布特征和开发现状等方面分析了西藏锂产业现状,提出亟待解决的几个主要问题,并针对上述问题提出了几点建议。

Since 2017,the consumption of lithium carbonate was 12.8×10^(4) tons in China,becoming the world’s largest consumer of lithium carbonate,and reached 21.9×10^(4) tons in 2019,accounting for 69%of the total global consumption.In 2019,the production of the lithium salt was 25.7×10^(4) tons in China,but the basic lithium salt processed by own lithium resources was only 6.5×10^(4) tons.The production of lithium in China largely depends on the imports of lithium from spodumene imported.Compared with the lithium extraction from salt lakes,the cost is extremely high.The development of China’s lithium industry must change from extracting lithium from hard rock to extracting lithium from saline lake as soon as possible.Saline lithium resources in Tibet are abundant and exists mainly in northern area,such as Zabuye,Bangkog Co-Dujali and Zacang lakes.Although the lithium resources in Tibet are rich,the supply capacity is weak.This paper,based on saline lithium resources distribution and development status,analyzes the current situation of lithium industry in Tibet,and puts forward several major problems to be solved,in order to solve the above problems some suggestions are put forward.