嫁接番茄砧穗互作机理研究、应用现状与展望

Research,Application Status and Prospect on the Stockscion Interaction Mechanism of Grafted Tomato

番茄营养丰富且食用方式多样,是我国重要的蔬菜作物之一,产量稳居世界第一。目前,在我国许多地区,线虫、枯萎病、青枯病等土传病害及高温、干旱、涝害、盐渍化等不良环境对番茄产业造成的损失持续存在。嫁接作为一种环境友好型技术,操作简单且能显著提高番茄对不良环境的抗性,在我国番茄产业的应用空间巨大。近年来,随着植物嫁接相关研究的开展,人们对嫁接植物的愈合机理、砧穗互作及性状改良等方面的认识逐渐深入。总结了环境因素(如光照、温度、湿度等)及内在因素(如亲和力、激素等)对嫁接番茄成活与愈合的影响;从砧木与接穗之间的遗传物质转移、基因及蛋白质的表达等角度探讨了嫁接植物性状改变的影响因素;从抗旱性、耐热性、抗盐性、抗病性、产量与品质等角度探讨了嫁接番茄的应用潜力,以期为嫁接技术应用于番茄产业的生产提供参考,并对目前嫁接番茄产业中存在的一些问题提出了展望。

Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops in China with rich nutrition and diverse eating methods,and its yield ranks the first in the world.At present,in many areas of our country,nematodes,fusarium wilt,bacterial wilt and other diseases,and high temperature,drought,water-logging,salinization and other adverse environment for the loss of tomato industry continues to exist.Grafting,as an environmentally friendly technology,is easy to operate and can significantly improve the resistance of tomato to adverse environments,which has great application space in tomato industry in China.In recent years,with the development of related research on grafted plants,the understanding of the healing mechanism,stockscion interaction and traits improvement of grafted plants has gradually deepened.Therefore,this paper summarizes the effects of environmental factors(light,temperature and humidity)and internal factors(affinity and hormones)on the survival and healing of grafted tomato.The influencing factors of grafted plant traits were discussed from the perspectives of genetic material transfer between rootstock and scion,gene and protein expression.The application potential of grafted tomato was discussed from the perspectives of drought resistance,heat resistance,salt resistance and disease resistance,and the commercial potential of grafted tomato was analyzed from the aspects of yield and quality,with a view to provide references for the application of grafting technology in the production of tomato industry,and some problems existing in the current graf ted tomato industry were prospected.