健康赋权理论联合自我效能干预对高龄髋关节置换患者术后疗效及DVT发生情况的影响

The influence of health empowerment theory combined with self-effi-cacy intervention on postoperative efficacy and deep venous thrombos in elderly hip replacement patients

目的探讨健康赋权理论联合自我效能干预对高龄髋关节置换患者术后疗效及下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)发生情况的影响。方法前瞻性选取上海市第六人民医院2018年10月—2020年1月收治的108例高龄接受髋关节置换术的患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组54例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上接受健康赋权理论联合自我效能干预,对比两组患者自我效能评分、Harris评分、下床活动时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症总发生率、DVT发生率、DVT发生时间等指标。结果干预后观察组自我效能评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组DVT发生率低于对照组,DVT发生时间迟于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组Harris评分水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组下床活动时间、术后住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论健康赋权理论联合自我效能干预可有效降低高龄髋关节置换患者DVT发生率,改善患者的髋关节功能,提高患者的自我效能。

Objective To investigate the effects of health empowerment theory combined with self-efficacy intervention on postoperative efficacy and deep venous thrombosis(DVT)in elderly patients with hip arthroplasty.Methods 108 el‐derly patients undergoing hip replacement were randomly divided into 2 equal groups:control group receiving conven‐tional nursing,for 6 months,and observation group receiving health empowerment theory combined with self-efficacy in‐tervention in addition.The self-efficacy score,Harris score,time of getting out of bed after operation,postoperative hos‐pital stay,total incidence of postoperative complications,DVT incidence,and DVT occurrence time were compared be‐tween the two groups.Results The self-efficacy score after intervention oft he the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The DVT incidence rate of the observation group was 0,significantly lower than that of the control group(11.11%,P<0.05).The Harris scores for pain,joint deformities,joint activity,and daily activities of the observation were all significantly higher thanthose of the control group(all P<0.05).The time of‐getting out of bed after operation of the observation group was(1.16±0.32)d,significantly shorter than that of the con‐trol group[(2.06±0.45)d,P<0.05].The hospital stay of the of the observation group was(2.62±0.24)d,significantly shorter than that of the control group[(4.05±0.43)d,P<0.05].The general complication rateof the of the observation group was 3.70%,significantly lower than that of the control group[18.52%,P<0.05].Conclusion Health empower‐ment theory combined with self-efficacy intervention effectively reduces the incidence of DVT in elderly patients with hip arthroplasty,and improves the hip function.