强力占领还是自行放弃--兼论中国共产党在收回汉口英租界中的作用

Powerful Occupation or Self Abandonment:the CCP′s Role in Reclaiming the Hankou-British Concession

收回汉口英租界在中国人民反帝斗争史上意义重大。多数学者认为,英租界的成功收回与1927年1月5日中国共产党组织反英示威游行、群众强力占领租界密切相关。而据英方近期解密的外交档案,在群众占领租界前,英方已决定将租界市政管理权交出。所以中国共产党在这一事件中的作用确实还需重新认识和研究,但我们也不能据此就忽视甚至否定中国共产党在收回汉口英租界中的作用。英方之所以自行放弃租界,正是迫于一段时期以来中国共产党领导组织群众运动营造的浓厚反英氛围,以及在此氛围中出现的民众对英租界的自发冲击。而除了营造反英氛围以外,推动国民党为收回英租界斗争到底以及支持配合国民政府落实有关决定,亦是中国共产党在收回汉口英租界中的重要作用。对此,我们要予以实事求是、客观公正的评价,既不忽视也不高估中国共产党在这一重要事件中的作用。

The reclamationof the Hankou-British concession is of great significance in the history of the Chinese people′s anti-imperialist struggle.Most scholars believe that the successful reclamation of the British concession is closely related to the anti-British demonstration organized by the CCP and the strong occupation of the concession by the masses on January 5,1927.However,according to the British diplomatic files declassified,before the masses occupied the concession,the British had decided to hand over the management of the concession.We cannot ignore the CCP′s role in the reclamation of the Hankou-British Concession based on this.The reason why the British abandoned the concession on their own was due to the strong anti-British atmosphere created by the mass movement organized by the leadership of the CCP over a period of time,and the spontaneous fight by the people against the British concession in this atmosphere.In addition to creating an anti-British atmosphere,pushing the Kuomintang to fight to the end for the reclamation of the British concession,and supporting and cooperating with the National Government to implement relevant decisions also indicate an important role for the CCP in the reclamation of the Hankou-British concession.In this regard,we must seek truth from the facts,objectively and impartially make evaluations,and neither underestimate nor overestimate the role of the CCP in this important event.