现代诗歌如何书写自然?——以“月亮”意象为中心的考察

How to Write Nature in the Modern Poetry?——An Investigation Centered on the Image of the“Moon”

选取“月亮”这一核心意象,考察现代诗人如何将“月亮”纳入感觉体系和象征结构之中,探讨现代诗人对自然感受和书写方式的变迁,以此探究现代诗歌自然审美的现代性转变过程。随着主体意识的凸显,现代诗人感受到自由的追求与自然必然性之间的矛盾,以一种矛盾感受力对自然进行审美,在诗歌中则体现为一种张力结构。在克服矛盾的理想追求之中,现代诗人通过想象创造自然意象,在创造之中抵达自由的境界。在将自然人化的过程中,现代诗人在内心唤起战胜自然的力量,因而体会到崇高的内在力量,并在与自然主客分立之后再次获得和谐。现代诗人为了摆脱存在的偶然性,在对必然性的追求之中,将自然抽象为理念了。这一现象导致现代汉语忽略了对客观自然的描摹,不利于现代汉语的成熟发展。

This article selects the core image of the“moon”to examine how modern poets incorporate the“moon”into the sensory system and symbolic structure,and explore the changes in modern poets'perception of nature and writing styles,in order to ex⁃plore the natural aesthetics of modern poetry the process of modernity transformation.With the prominence of subject conscious⁃ness,modern poets feel the contradiction between the pursuit of freedom and the inevitability of nature,and use a contradictory sensibility to appreciate nature,which is embodied as a tension structure in poetry.In the ideal pursuit of overcoming contradic⁃tions,modern poets create natural images through imagination and reach the realm of freedom in creation.In the process of human⁃izing nature,modern poets evoke the power to overcome nature in their hearts,so they realize the lofty inner power,and once again become harmonious after being separated from the subject and object of nature.In order to get rid of the contingency of exis⁃tence,modern poets abstracted nature as an idea in the pursuit of inevitability.This phenomenon has caused modern Chinese to ig⁃nore the description of objective nature,which is not conducive to the mature development of modern Chinese.