无线充电系统线圈参数优化与偏移特性研究

Research on coil parameter optimization and misalignment characteristics of wireless charging system

电动汽车无线充电系统可以实现电能从电网到动力电池的无线传输,无需人工操作,安全可靠,易于实现充电智能化。无线充电过程中,耦合线圈结构参数对于线圈互感值有很大影响,从而影响系统的充电功率和能量传输效率。文章旨在设计并优化无线充电系统线圈结构,以获得合适的充电功率,同时提高充电效率。首先,提出一种基于神经网络和遗传算法相结合的耦合线圈结构参数优化方法,得到最优的线圈和铁氧体参数组合;然后,基于电磁场理论,利用有限元软件分析收发端线圈之间的水平和垂直偏移对线圈自感、互感的影响,研究无线充电系统耦合线圈的偏移特性;最后,搭建了无线充电系统Simulink仿真模型及实验样机进行仿真和实验验证。结果表明,该无线充电系统DC/DC效率高达94.29%,并具有较好的抗偏移特性。

The wireless charging system for electric vehicle(EV)can realize the wireless power transmission from grid to the power battery without manual operation,which is safe,reliable and suitable for intelligent charging.In the process of wireless charging,the structure parameters of the coupling coils system have great influences on the mutual inductance,thus affecting the charging power and energy transmission efficiency.The purpose of this paper is to design and optimize the coil structure of wireless charging system to obtain appropriate charging power and improve the charging efficiency.Firstly,a parameter optimization method based on neural network and genetic algorithm is proposed to get the optimal combination of coil parameters and ferrite parameters.Then,based on the electromagnetic field theory,the effects of the horizontal and vertical misalignment of coils on the self-inductance and mutual inductance are analyzed by the finite element simulation software.Finally,the Simulink model and experimental prototype of the wireless charging system are established to carry out the simulation and experimental verification.The results show the DC/DC efficiency of the wireless charging system is up to 94.29%.Besides,the wireless charging system has good anti-misalignment characteristics.