论编码知识和隐性知识

On Coding Knowledge and Implicit Knowledge

编码知识可以区分为普适性与地方性两类,前者有低阶与高阶之分,后者相对于普适性知识有偏离和中性两种情况。隐性知识可以区分为认知与技能两类,也有先天与后天之分。先天的认知与技能隐性知识均源于哺乳动物认知技能系统。先天的技能隐性知识即本能,其中含有“莫拉维克悖论”。认知隐性知识可能导向普适性知识或不同的地方性知识。认知隐性知识与技能隐性知识及其关系处于演化之中,可以由四个象限梳理编码知识与隐性知识及二者的关系。

Coding knowledge can be classified two categories of universal knowledge and local knowledge.The former can be divided into low-level and high-level universal knowledge,while the latter deviation local knowledge and neutral one.Implicit knowledge includes cognitive knowledge and skill one,and it can also be further divided into innate and acquired ones.Innate implicit knowledge originates from the cognitive skill system of mammals.Innate skill implicit knowledge is instinct,which contains the"Moravec paradox".Cognitive implicit knowledge may lead to universal knowledge or different local knowledge.Both kinds of implicit knowledge,and their relationship are in the process of evolution.Four quadrants can be used to sort out the coding knowledge,implicit knowledge and their relationship.