高功率锂离子电池负极材料研究进展

Review of anode materials for high-power lithium-ion battery

针对电子产品的不断更新换代,新能源汽车的逐渐普及,电网储能应用环境的复杂多样性,以及军用装备、航空航天等领域的特殊需求,高功率、长循环寿命、高安全性成为锂离子电池的发展方向。锂离子电池的核心组成部分负极材料储锂与脱锂的速率直接决定了电池的快速充放电能力,并且直接影响电池的循环稳定性。论述了石墨、无定形碳、钛酸锂、合金材料以及过渡金属氧化物等负极材料的研究现状、提高倍率性能的方法以及负极预锂化技术,并对未来高功率负极材料的发展方向进行了分析与展望。

In response to the continuous upgrading of electronic products,the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles,the complex diversity of grid energy storage application environments,and the special needs of military equipment,aerospace and other fields,high power,long cycle life,and high safety have become the development direction of lithium-ion batteries.As a core component of lithium-ion battery,the rate of lithium storage and delithiation of the anode material directly determines the rapid charge and discharge capacity of the battery,and directly affects the cycle stability of the battery.The research status of anode materials was summarized,such as graphite,amorphous carbon,lithium titanate,alloy materials,and transition metal oxides.The methods to improve rate performance and anode prelithiation technology were summarized.The development direction of high-power anode materials was analyzed and prospected.