锂离子电池快充技术进展

Progress of fast charging technology for lithium-ion battery

从材料、结构、设计等方向概述了锂离子电池快充性能的影响因素。材料方面,采用硬碳包覆、小颗粒混搭等修饰或共混方式优化负极材料,使用气孔率较大而厚度较薄的隔膜,增大电解液的电导率和浓度并降低粘度,有利于提升电池的快充性能;结构方面,采用极耳中置结构、多极耳卷绕、叠片技术均可以大幅度提高电池的快充速度;设计方面,主要与涂布量及压实密度有关,另外箔材的厚度以及极耳的横截面积对电池的导电性有影响,因此也会影响电池的快充性能;其他方面,导电网络的构建、粘结剂因素以及涂炭载体的应用,此外,高压过充技术、多串并技术也能提升电池的充电速度。

The factors influencing the fast charging performance of Li-ion batteries were summarized from the aspects of material,structure and design.It’s conducive for improving the fast charging performance of batteries to use hard carbon coating,small particles mixing modification or blending to optimize the anode materials,use a larger porosity and thinner seperator,increase the conductivity and concentration of electrolyte and reduce its viscosity.The centered structure polar ear,multi-polar ear winding,and overlay slice technology can significantly improve the fast charging speed of batteries.The design aspects are mainly related to the amount of coating and compaction density;in addition,the thickness of foil and cross-sectional area of polar ear have an impact on the conductivity of batteries,which also affect the fast charging performance of batteries.Other aspects include the construction of conductive network,binder factor and the application of carbon-coating carrier;in addition,high-voltage overcharging technology and multiserial-parallel technology can also increase the charging speed of batteries.