核桃叶片、青果水浸液对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应

Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Walnut Leaf and Green Fruit on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat

了解不同核桃浸提液对小麦化感效应的差异性,为核桃化感作用研究提供理论依据,采用水浸提法提取核桃叶片、青果的浸提液,每种浸提液设置0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08、0.10 g/mL 5个质量浓度梯度,研究核桃不同组织浸提液在特定浓度下对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应.结果表明:核桃不同组织浸提液对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应不同;其中,叶片浸提液在浓度小于0.04 g/mL时对小麦种子的萌发具有一定的促进作用,当浓度大于0.04 g/mL时,对小麦种子萌发具有抑制作用;青果浸提液在浓度小于0.02 g/mL时对小麦种子萌发具有促进作用,当浓度大于0.02 g/mL时对小麦种子萌发具有抑制作用,且随着浸提液浓度的升高,抑制作用增强.方差分析结果表明,浸提液浓度效应对小麦苗高和主根长有极显著影响(P<0.01),但对苗鲜质量影响不显著(P>0.05),浸提液种类效应对苗高、主根长及苗鲜质量均有显著影响(P<0.05),浸提液和浓度的交互效应对小麦苗高、主根长及苗鲜质量的影响均不显著(P>0.05).

In order to understand the differences of allelopathy of different walnut extracts on wheat and provide theoretical basis for walnut allelopathy research,we obtained aqueous extracts of walnut leaf and green fruit through water extraction method.Five concentrations(0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10 g/mL)were used to study the allelopathic effects on germination and seedling growth of wheat seeds.The results showed that walnut extracts from different tissues had different allelopathic effects on wheat seed germination and seedling growth.Among them,the leaf extract had a certain promoting effect on the germination of wheat seeds when the concentration was less than 0.04 g/mL,and had an inhibitory effect on the germination of wheat seeds when the concentration was greater than 0.04 g/mL.The green fruit extract had a promoting effect on wheat seed germination when the concentration was less than 0.02 g/mL.When the concentration was greater than 0.02 g/mL,it had an inhibitory effect on wheat seed germination,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of the concentration of the extract.The variance analysis results showed that the concentration of extract had significant effects on seedling height and taproot length of wheat(P<0.01),but had no significant effects on fresh quality of wheat seedlings(P>0.05).The type of extract had significant effects on seedling height,taproot length and fresh quality of wheat seedlings(P<0.05).The interaction of extract and concentration had no significant effects on seedling height,taproot length and seedling fresh quality(P>0.05).