草菇培养料发酵过程中细菌菌群的变化研究

Study on Bacterial Community of Volvariella volvacea Compost during Fermentation

为探索利用食用菌菌渣资源为原料进行工厂化生产草菇的可行性,分别以杏鲍菇菌渣和鹿茸菇菌渣为主设计配方,在一次、二次隧道发酵结束后及出菇前三个不同时期取培养料样品,提取总DNA,采用Illumina Hiseq高通量测序技术对细菌16S rRNA基因V3~V4区进行测序,分析细菌群落结构多样性,同时测定碳氮比和产量,利用SPASS软件进行结果分析.结果表明,以杏鲍菇菌渣为主的配方碳氮比呈下降趋势,以鹿茸菇菌渣为主时碳氮比变化为先降后增;草菇培养料中具有丰富的细菌群落,二次发酵对培养料中菌群变化起了关键性作用,且培养料配方不同,所含菌群的种类及数量都有明显差异;两种菌渣均可作为培养料进行二次利用栽培草菇,杏鲍菇菌渣产量高于鹿茸菇菌渣但差异不显著(P<0.05).

In order to explore the feasibility of using edible fungi residue resources as raw materials for industrial production of Volvariella volvacea,Pleurotus eryngii residues and Lyophyllum decastes residues were used as the main formula.The compost samples were collected after the first,second tunnel fermentation and before fruiting,separately.Total DNA was extracted.The bacterial community structure and diversity in samples were analyzed through Illumina HiSeq sequencing of the V3~V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.Then the C/N ratio of compost and the yield of straw mushroom were measured,and the data was analyzed by SPASS software.The results showed that the C/N ratio of P.eryngii residues formula declined,and the ratio of L.decastes residues formula decreased first and then increased.There were abundant bacterial communities in the straw mushroom compost.The phase Ⅱ composting played a key role on the change of the bacterial community in the compost.The species and quantity of the bacterial community were obviously different with the compost formula.Both residues can be used as compost for straw mushroom cultivation,and the yield of P.eryngii residue is higher than that of L.decastes residue,but there was no significant difference(P<0.05).