组态视角下大气环境政策执行偏差的生成机理与典型模式--基于61个案例的模糊集定性比较分析

The Mechanism and Typical Mode of Atmospheric Environment Policy Implementation Gap from the Perspective of Configuration--Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 61 Cases

环境治理悖论的出现直接指向于政策执行偏差。文章立足于生态环境部重点监控的61个城市数据,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA),构建"组织-主体-过程"的分析框架,讨论组织资源禀赋、目标清晰度、政治压力、执行响应、公众诉求、执行难度和控制激励等条件变量的不同组合,对大气环境政策执行偏差的作用机理。研究发现,所有单一条件变量的一致性均小于0.9,表明这些因素并不构成大气环境政策偏差的必要条件。通过多变量组态分析,得出大气环境政策执行偏差发生的七条路径,并根据布尔最小化算法,总结出主体型偏差、结构型偏差、框架型偏差3种典型模式。其中,公众诉求不出现是所有路径的核心条件,而组织资源禀赋不强、政治压力小、执行难度高等条件,则是大气政策执行偏差发生的重要诱发要素。

The environmental governance paradox illustrates the atmospheric environment policy implementation gap.Based on the 61 cities monitored by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,this paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA)to construct an analysis framework of"organization-subject-process",discussing the effect mechanism on atmospheric environment policy implementation gap with different combinations of variables like organizational resource endowment,goal clarity,political pressure,executive response,public demands,difficulty of implementation,and control incentives.The study found that the consistency of all single conditional variables is less than 0.9,indicating that these factors do not constitute the necessary conditions for the atmospheric environment policy implementation gap.Through multivariable configuration analysis,seven paths of atmospheric environment policy implementation gap are obtained,and three typical modes of main body deviation,structural deviation,and frame deviation are summarized according to the Boolean minimization algorithm.Among them,the non-appearance of public demands is the core condition of all paths,and the conditions such as weak organizational resource endowment,low political pressure,and high difficulty in implementation are important factors for the occurrence of the atmospheric environment policy implementation gap.