“一五”时期工业体系构建的内在逻辑及其对畅通“国内大循环”的启示

The internal logic of the industrial system construction in the First Five Year Plan and its enlightenment on the smooth domestic circulation

在中国共产党的百年历史中,以156项工程为核心的工业体系构建对中华人民共和国成立初期畅通国民经济良性循环具有重要历史意义,还原历史才能真正理解今天中国的“经济奇迹”以及探究今后要走的道路。“一五”时期的工业体系构建不仅是工业项目,更应该被视为关乎国民经济方方面面的系统性工程,在生产、分配、流通、消费4个领域的一系列具有针对性的做法都取得了值得肯定的成效,其历史成就和对中国经济发展的深远意义主要体现在奠定工业发展基础、平衡区域发展差距、提升技术研发水平、壮大国有经济、推动城镇化第一次高潮以及确保国家安全和经济安全6个方面。对“一五”时期工业体系构建的再审视表明,在当前构建以国内大循环为主体的新发展格局中要强调供给创造和引领需求,加强基础研究和原始创新,因地制宜补齐区域协调发展短板,推进新型基础设施建设,积极融入全球经济以及统筹发展与安全。

In the Centennial history of the Communist Party of China,the construction of the industrial system with 156 Projects as its core has important historical significance in unblocking the benign cycle of national economy in the early days of the founding of China.Only by restoring history,can we truly understand the economic miracle of today and the road to be taken in the future.This paper holds that the construction of industrial system in the period of the First Five Year Plan is not only industrial projects,but also should be regarded as a systematic project related to all aspects of national economy.A series of targeted practices in four fields,production,distribution,circulation and consumption,have achieved positive results.Its historical achievements and profound significance for the economic development of China are as follows:laying the foundation of industrial development,balancing the regional development gap,improving the level of technological research and development,strengthening the state economy,promoting the first climax of urbanization and ensuring national security and economic security.The review of the construction of the industrial system during the First Five-Year Plan shows that in the current time of in domestic circulation as the main body of the new pattern of development,emphasis should be laid on the supply leading and demand creation,strengthening basic research and original innovation,adjusting measures to local conditions supplement the regional harmonious development,promoting new infrastructure construction,actively integrating into the global economy and the overall development and security.