直接测量纤维素分子量的方法研究进展

Research Progress of Methods for the Direct Molar Weight Determination of Cellulose

综述了纤维素被直接溶解后测量分子量的系列方法,包含端基法、渗透压法、粘度法、光散射法、体积排阻色谱法(SEC)、SEC-MALLS联用技术、流变学七种方法,分析了每种方法的原理、应用实例、优缺点、限制条件等。特别指出SEC-MALLS-RI串联技术可获得构象、聚集态等多级结构信息,流变学法是新的表征纤维素分子量分布的相对可行又简易的方法,粘度法是唯一的国家标准方法,最后对几种方法进行了总结对比分析。纤维素领域研究人员可根据本文提供的全面纤维素分子量检测方法去选择适宜的手段。

This article reviewed a series of methods for measuring molecular weight of cellulose after direct dissolution,including end-group method,osmotic pressure method,viscosities method,light scattering method,volume rejection chromatography(SEC),SEC-Mallades combined technique,rheology method,and analyzed the advantages,disadvantages and limitations of each method.It was pointed out that the SEC-MALLS-RI series technique could obtain multilevel structure information such as conformation and aggregation state,rheological method was a new and feasible method to characterize molecular weight distribution of cellulose,viscosity method is the only national standard method.At the end of the paper,several methods are summarized and contrast analyzed.According to the comprehensive molecular weight detection method provided in this paper,Researchers in the field of cellulose could select the appropriate method of measurement.