大环内酯类抗菌药物致长QT综合征的研究进展

Research progress in long QT syndrome caused by macrolides

大环内酯类抗菌药物引发的长QT综合征是一种严重的药物不良反应,能引发致命的心律失常和猝死。之前的研究认为,延迟整流钾电流是导致此类药物不良反应发生的基础。随着近年来研究的深入,晚钠电流、诸多胞内信号通路和多种临床因素亦被发现在长QT综合征的发生发展中发挥了复杂作用。本文对大环内酯类抗菌药物致长QT综合征的发生机制和影响其发生的相关临床因素进行了简要归纳,为新药的安全性筛查提供了相关理论基础,并为临床安全应用此类药物提供了重要参考。

Long QT syndrome caused by macrolides is a severe adverse reaction,which can induce mortal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.Previous studies suggest that delayed rectifier potassium current is the fundamental mechanism of this adverse reaction.With the in-depth research in recent years,late sodium current,multiple cell signaling pathways and several clinical factors have also been found to play complex roles in the occurrence and development of long QT syndrome.In this article,the mechanism and relative clinical factors of the long QT syndrome caused by macrolides are summarized to provide theoretical basis for the safe screening of new drugs and for the safe clinical use of macrolides.