GIS技术在城乡规划设计中的应用及前景分析

Application and prospect analysis of GIS technology in urban and rural planning and design

我国城市化进程的加快和信息技术的飞速发展,GIS技术不但可以提高城乡规划管理部门工作效率,而且为规划设计提供决策依据,实现规划设计方案的科学性。随着国土空间规划的提出和全面实施,为GIS在规划领域的应用和发展提供了机遇与挑战。分析了GIS技术在现状调研、总体规划、详细规划、效果评价及监督等规划设计各阶段的应用成效,指出虽然GIS技术具有较强的实用性和辅助规划决策可行性,但是现阶段规划过程中还存在相关交叉学科知识匮乏、规划应用推广受限等问题;最后从“3S”集成技术、三维GIS和虚拟现实技术、WebGIS等方面提出了GIS在国土空间规划领域的发展趋势和应用前景,指出GIS技术在国土空间规划“双评价”中的应用势必带动专业规划软件系统的发展,从而为“多规合一”的规划管理和设计提供数据基础及决策依据。

With the proposal and full implementation of land spatial planning,it provides opportunities and challenges for the application and development of GIS in the field of planning.This paper analyzes the application effect of GIS technology in various stages of planning and design,such as present situation investigation,overall planning,detailed planning,effect evaluation and supervision,and points out that although GIS technology has strong practicability and feasibility of suppo rting planning and decision-making,there are still some problems in the current planning process,such as lack of interdisciplinary knowledge,limited planning application and promotion,etc..This paper puts forward the development trend and application prospect of GIS in the field of land and space planning from the aspects of GIS,3D GIS,virtual reality technology and WebGIS,points out that the application of GIS technology in the“double evaluation”of land and space planning is bound to drive the development of professional planning software system,so as to provide data basis and decision-making basis for the“multi planning”of management and design.