电池热失控防护方案仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Thermal Runaway Protection Scheme for Battery

动力电池热失控是一种连锁反应,最终有可能导致电池起火甚至爆炸,研究动力电池热失控防护方案具有重大意义。文章针对锂离子电池热扩散防护问题,以40 Ah三元软包锂离子电池为研究对象,采用加热方式诱导电芯热失控,确定电芯本体在失控过程中的温升情况及失控位置,从而确定模组热失控防护方案。根据电芯热失控数据,利用Starccm+仿真软件搭建加热条件下模组热扩散模型,研究了阻燃材料对锂离子电池热扩散行为的影响以及阻燃材料在电池失控过程中温度变化,验证防护方案是否有效。结果表明:相邻电芯增加阻燃材料能防止电芯连续热失控,避免引燃相邻模组,方案有效。仿真结果为热扩散试验提供理论依据,缩短设计周期,节约设计成本。

Thermal runaway of power battery is a chain reaction,which may lead to battery fire or even explosion.It is significant to study thermal runaway protection of power battery.Aiming at the problem of thermal diffusion protection,the40 Ah lithium-ion soft-packing battery as the research object was used to induce the thermal runaway of the cell under heating condition,and determines the temperature rise and the position of the cell body in the process of thermal runaway,thus,the thermal runaway protection scheme of the module is determined.Based on the thermal runaway data of the cell,the thermal diffusion model of the module under heating condition was established by Starccm+simulation software.The influence of the flame retardant materials on the thermal diffusion behavior of the lithium-ion battery and the temperature variation of the flame retardant materials during the process of the battery runaway were studied,and verify the effectiveness of the containment protocols.The results show that adding flame-retardant material to the adjacent cells can prevent the cells from continuous thermal runaway and avoid igniting the adjacent modules.The simulation results provide theoretical basis for thermal diffusion test,shorten the design cycle and save the design cost.