有氧运动结合抗阻训练对围绝经期妇女心率变异性及心血管功能的影响

Effect of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Resistance Training on the Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Function of Perimenopausal Women

目的通过观察12周有氧运动(AE)及有氧运动结合抗阻训练(AE+RT)对围绝经期妇女心率变异性及心血管功能的影响,为围绝经期妇女维护心血管健康运动处方制定上提供科学的理论依据。方法将36名围绝经期女性随机分为对照组(SHAM,n=12)、有氧运动组(AE,n=12)与有氧运动结合抗阻训练组(AE+R T,n=12)。SHAM组不做任何规律运动,AE组进行为期12周(5次/周、60min/次)有氧运动,AE+R T组进行为期12周(5次/周、60min/次)有氧结合抗阻训练干预。所有受试者试验前后进行心率变异性测量[R-R间期总体标准差(SDNN)、均值标准差(SDANN)、均值均方平方根(R-MSSD)]及心血管功能测量[脉率(PR)、每搏心搏量(SV)、心输出量(CO)、平均收缩压(MSP)、平均舒张压(MDP)、血管弹性扩张系数(VDC)、总周阻力(TCR)]。结果与实验前对比,AE组与AE+RT组在试验后SDNN、SDANN、SV、CO显著增加(p<0.05),R-MSSD、PR、MSP、VDC和TCR显著下降(p<0.05)及AE+R T组MDP显著下降;与SHAM组对比,AE组受试者SDNN、SDANN、SV、CO显著增加(p<0.05),R-MSSD、PR、MSP和TCR显著下降(p<0.05),AE+R T组受试者SDNN、SDANN、SV、CO显著增加(p<0.05),R-MSSD、PR、MSP、MDP、VDC和TCR显著下降(p<0.05);与AE组比较,AE+R T组受试者SDNN、SV、CO显著增加(p<0.05),R-MSSD、PR、MDP显著下降(p<0.05)。结论AE组与AE+R T组均可改善围绝经期妇女心血管功能与心率变异性;但AE+RT组在改善自主神经功能,增大每搏输出量、心输出量,降低脉搏、平均舒张压方面效果优于AE组。

Objective To observe the effects of 12-week aerobic exercise(AE)and aerobic exercise combined with resistance training(AE+RT)on the heart rate variability and cardiovascular function of perimenopausal women,aiming to maintain the cardiovascular system for perimenopausal women Provide a scientific theoretical basis for formulating health exercise prescriptions.Methods 36 perimenopausal women were randomly divided into control group(SHAM,n=12),aerobic exercise group(AE,n=12)and aerobic exercise combined resistance training group(AE+RT,n=12).The SHAM group did not do any regular exercise,the AE group performed aerobic exercise for 12 weeks(5 times/week,60 min/time),and the AE+RT group performed aerobic exercise for 12 weeks(5 times/week,60 min/time).Resistance training intervention.Heart rate variability measurements of all subjects before and after the test[RR interval overall standard deviation(SDNN),mean standard deviation(SDANN),mean square root(R-MSSD)]and cardiovascular function measurement[pulse rate(PR),stroke volume(SV),cardiac output(CO),mean systolic blood pressure(MSP),mean diastolic blood pressure(MDP),vascular elastic expansion coefficient(VDC),total weekly resistance(TCR)].Results Compared with before the experiment,SDNN,SDANN,SV,CO increased significantly in the AE group and AE+RT group afterthe experiment(p<0.05),and R-MSSD,PR,MSP,VDC and TCR decreased significantly(p<0.05)And AE+RT group MDP decreased significantly;compared with SHAM group,subjects in AE group SDNN,SDANN,SV,CO increased significantly(p<0.05),and R-MSSD,PR,MSP and TCR decreased significantly(p<0.05),SDNN,SDANN,SV,CO of subjects in the AE+RT group increased significantly(p<0.05),and R-MSSD,PR,MSP,MDP,VDC and TCR decreased significantly(p<0.05).Compared with the AE group,AE+RT group subjects SDNN,SV,CO significantly increased(p<0.05),R-MSSD,PR,MDP significantly decreased(p<0.05).Conclusion Both the AE group and the AE+RT group can improve the cardiovascular function and heart rate variability of perimenopausal women,but the AE+RT group has better effects in increasing stroke volume,cardiac output,reducing pulse and average diastolic blood pressure AE group.