6周战绳训练对大学高水平篮球运动员肌力和投篮表现的影响

Effect of Six-Week Battle Rope Training on Muscle Strength and Shooting Performance of College High-level Basketball Players

目的观察战绳训练对大学生篮球运动员上肢肌力、下肢肌力及投篮表现的影响,为大学生篮球运动员体能训练提供一个方法选项。方法选取16名男大学生篮球高水平运动员随机分为干预组和对照组(每组8人)。对照组和干预组均进行正常的篮球专项训练(每周5次,每次2h),干预组在对照组训练基础上增加战绳训练,每周3次,每次约30min。两组在6周干预前、后进行肌肉力量和投篮表现能力测试。采用双因素重复测量方差分析进行统计分析比较。结果1)干预组握力、单手坐姿投球、全场往返行进间投篮测试项目时点效应显著(p<0.05),后测结果较前测有明显进步;原地双腿纵跳摸高、仰卧推举和原地定点投篮时点效应不显著。2)对照组各指标后测结果观察到进步,但均未达显著水平。3)两组组间比较显示,握力、单手坐姿投球、全场往返行进间投篮测试前测比较无显著差异,后测结果之间存在显著差异(p<0.05)。4)原地双腿纵跳摸高、仰卧推举、原地定点投篮项目组内和组间比较均未观察到明显差异。结论大学高水平篮球运动员通过6周战绳训练,能显著提升运动员握力和上肢爆发力,并对篮球的投篮表现有明显的增益,可以作为有效的体能训练方法。

Objective To observe the effects of battle ropes training on upper limb muscle strength,lower limb muscle strength and shooting performance of college basketball players to provide a methodological option for physical training of college basketball players.Methods Sixteen male college basketball high-level athletes were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a con-trol group(8 in each group),both groups performed normal basketball-specific training(5 times/week for 2 h each),and the intervention group added battle rope training,3 times/week for approximately 30 min each time.Muscle strength and shooting performance ability tests were performed in both groups before and after the 6-week intervention.A two-factor repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis and comparison.Results 1)The point-in-time effects of grip strength,one-handed sitting shot,and full-court round-trip marching interval shot test items were significant in the intervention group(p<0.05),and the post-test results showed significant improvement compared with the pre-test.The point-in-time effects of in situ double-legged vertical jump and touch height,supine push-up,and in situ fixed-point shot were not significant.2)In the control group,progress was observed in the posttest results of each index,but none of them reached the significant level.3)Comparison between the two groups showed no significant differences in grip strength,one-handed seated throw,and full-court round-trip marching interval shooting test pre-test comparisons,and significant differences between post-test results(p<0.05)).4)No significant differences were observed in the within-group and betweengroup comparisons for the in situ double-legged vertical jump touch-up,supine push-up,and in situ fixed-point shooting items.Conclusion College high-level basketball players can significantly improve their grip strength and upper body explosive strength and have significant gains in basketball shooting performance through 6 weeks of battle ropes training,which can be used as an effective physical training method.