大型灌区现代化改造的策略与技术选择

Transformed strategy for the modernization of large irrigation districts

大型灌区是我国主要粮棉油菜果生产基地,对保障我国粮食安全具有重要作用,同时也是保障城镇生活供水、工业供水和生态供水的基础设施。随着我国人口城镇化、农村劳动力老龄化、农业生产规模化和国家现代化建设的发展,大型灌区的工程设施和管理状况难以适应发展需求和生产条件的变化。提出了大型灌区现代化建设需要通过改造提升工程设施、应用数字化智慧化技术、进行管理体制机制改革提升供水服务水平、实现对水资源的精准调度管理、提高用水效率和效益、改善生态环境、把水文化融入灌区建设等策略和技术措施。

The large irrigation districts are the main bases for the production of grain,cottons,oil,vegetables and fruits in China.The large irrigation schemes are of significant importance to food security and safety domestic and industrial and ecological water supply in China.With the development of urbanization,aged labor forces in rural areas,scaling-up farming practice and modernization of the whole country,the existing statue of the structures and management for large irrigation districts could not match the development demand and the changed conditions for modern production and conception.This paper presents the strategical and technical choices for the modernization of large irrigation schemes,including up grading of structures,application of digital and smart water management technology,institutional reform,precise water resources management,technologies and measures for increasing water use efficiency and productivity,conservation and improvement of ecological system and protection of historic structures and water culture development.