青光眼的视觉通路损伤及损伤后视觉系统的神经可塑性研究进展

Advances in the study of visual pathway injury in glaucoma and the neuroplasticity of the visual system after injury

青光眼是一组以进行性视神经萎缩和视野缺损为共同特征的疾病。近来研究表明青光眼的病理损伤不仅局限于视网膜及视神经,而是累及整个视觉通路。近年研究发现神经系统损伤并非传统认为的完全不可逆,而是具有一定的可塑性,也有研究表明青光眼的视觉通路的神经元在一定条件刺激下,可能进行修复及重塑,从而恢复一定的视觉功能,这为青光眼的治疗提供了新的思路及方向。

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects.Some evidence demonstrate that glaucoma’s pathological damage affects the retina and optic nerve and involves the entire visual pathway.Recent studies have found that the nerve injury is not completely irreversible but has certain plasticity.Furthermore,studies have shown that neurons in the visual pathway of glaucoma can be repaired and remodeled under certain conditions to restore visual function,which offers a new way to treat glaucoma.