基于质点弹道方程的破片外弹道特性分析

Analysis of External Ballistic Characteristics of Framents Based on Mass-point Ballistics Equation

为了准确表征破片弹道,基于质点弹道方程和经典破片阻力公式建立了破片运动方程,对典型工况的钢破片和钨破片外弹道特性进行了计算分析。结果表明破片最大射程对应的射角约为21°;随着破片初始射角的增大,破片落地动能先急剧减小,在约10°射角后又缓慢增加。采用抛物线和射线2种形式的计算方法分析了典型破片在不同初始射角条件下的落地动能和最大射程,该方法对破片最大杀伤半径、破片的毁伤效能评估、杀爆战斗部动静爆试验靶场布置位置的合理性和弹药储存安全距离的判断等方面具有一定参考价值。

In order to accurately characterize the fragment trajectory,the movement equation of the fragment was established based on the mass-point trajectory equation and the resistance formula of classic fragment.The external ballistic characteristics of the steel fragment and the tungsten fragment under typical working conditions were calculated and analyzed.The results show that the shooting angle corresponding to the maximum range of fragments is about 21°.With the increase of the initial shooting angle of fragments,the kinetic energy of fragments on the ground decreases sharply first,and then showly increases after about 10°.By applying the two calculation forms of parabola and ray,the landing kinetic energy and maximum fire range of typical fragments under the conditions of different initial shooting angles were analyzed.The proposed method has a certain reference value for the maximum kill-radius and damage effectiveness evaluation of fragments,the rationality of layout position in the dynamic and static detonation test range of explosive warhead,and the judgment of storage safety-distance of ammunition.