动能毁伤弹丸撞击多层靶板的区域性毁伤特性研究

Research on Regional Damage Characteristics of Multi-layer Target Impacted by Kinetic Energy Damage Projectile

为研究动能毁伤弹丸对航天器内部结构的毁伤特性,提出了一种穿透航天器外壳后区域性散布毁伤元的动能毁伤弹丸。根据空间卫星的结构特点设计了多层等效靶板,进行了动能毁伤弹丸撞击多层靶板的验证试验。对试验过程进行有限元动力学仿真,并将仿真结果与试验结果进行一致性对比,采用该模型研究了不同形状毁伤元的毁伤特点。研究结果表明:动能毁伤弹丸在穿透2 mm厚铝板后弹壳破碎释放毁伤元,且不会穿透最后一层靶板产生额外空间碎片,毁伤方案的可行性较高;不同形状毁伤元中球形毁伤元毁伤内部结构的效果最好,立方体毁伤元穿透外壳的效果最好。

In order to study the damage characteristics of kinetic energy damage projectile to the internal structure of spacecraft,a kinetic energy damage projectile which can disperse damage elements regionally after penetrating the spacecraft shell was proposed.According to the structural characteristics of space satellites,a multi-layer equivalent target plate was designed,and the verification test of the projectile impacting the multi-layer target plate was carried out.The finite element dynamics simulation was performed for the test process.After comparing the simulation results with the test results qualitatively and quantitatively,the model was used to study the damage characteristics of the damage elements of different shapes.The research shows that:the kinetic energy damage projectile breaks and releases damage elements after penetrating a 2 mm thick aluminum plate,and it will not penetrate the last target plate to generate additional space debris,so the damage scheme is feasible.For the damage elements with different forms,the spherical damage elements are the best to damage the internal structure,and the cubic damage elements are the best to penetrate the shell.