一种柴油机用复合式消声器的设计与实验研究

Design and Experimental Research of a Compound Muffler for Diesel Engine

针对公司研发的一款铁路维护机械,设计了共振腔型带穿孔管的阻抗复合式消声器。首先进行抗性消声器设计,通过对中低频的噪声进行分析计算,得到消声管道直径、共振腔直径、穿孔管板厚、开孔直径、共振腔长度和开孔个数等关键参数。然后,通过在抗性消声器内增加阻性材料,便成为阻抗复合式消声器。最后,根据理论计算结果进行消声器模型设计和制造,并装车验证。实验结果表明,所设计的阻抗复合式消声器能在不同工况下有效降低发动机的排气噪声。

Aiming at a railway maintenance machinery developed by our company,a reactive-dissipative compound muffler with resonant cavity and perforated tube was designed.Firstly,a resistant muffler was designed,and the key parameters including the diameter of muffler pipe,the diameter of resonance cavity,the thickness of perforated pipe,the diameter of pipe hole,the length of resonant cavity and the number of pipe holes were obtained through the analysis and calculation of the mid-and low-frequency noise.Then,by adding a dissipative material in the reactive muffler,a reactive-dissipative compound muffler was obtained.Finally,according to the theoretical calculation results,the muffler model was designed and manufactured,and it was installed and verified on the maintenance machinery.The experimental results showed that the designed compound muffler could effectively reduce the exhaust noise of the engine under different working conditions.