现代性情境下的个体情感——兼论《心灵的整饰:人类情感的商业化》

Individual Emotion in the Context of Modernity——On the Managed Heart:Commercialization of Human Feeling

随着现代社会的不断演进,商业的影响力逐渐深入到个人生活当中,情感这一私人化的表征同步受到社会的深度规训。面对经济资本对个人精神生活的冲击,不少人更倾向于追求经济理性而非坚持自我的本真性,针对这一方面的问题,霍克希尔德提出了情感整饰的概念。事实上,在日常生活情境中的大多数人都面临对自身情感的修整,只是在经济利益的纠葛之下,个体性会受到更加严峻的挑战。此外,情感整饰的程度不仅受到现代性的影响,对它的评价和认知同时也植根于文化传统。面对这样的处境,人们也并非是束手无策的,随着社会整体对情感劳动的认识逐步加深,个体不同程度的异化或许能因而得到缓解和补偿。

With the continuous evolution of modern society,the influence of business has gradually penetrated into personal life,and emotion,a private representation,has been deeply disciplined by society.Facing the impact of economic capital on personal spiritual life,many people tend to pursue economic rationality rather than stick to their own authenticity.In view of this problem,Arlie Russell Hochschild puts forward the concept of emotional management.In fact,most people in daily life are faced with the repair of their own emotions,but under the tangle of economic interests,individuality will be challenged more severely,and the degree of emotional decoration is not only affected by modernity,its evaluation and cognition are also rooted in cultural tradition.Faced with such a situation,people are not helpless.With the deepening of the whole society’s understanding of emotional labor,the alienation of individuals in different degrees may be alleviated and compensated.