美国加州学前教育分层质量评级和改进系统(TQRIS)概览

An Overview of the Tiered Quality Rating and Improvement System(TQRIS)for Preschool Education in California,USA

为了提升本州以高需求儿童为主要服务对象的学前教育机构的教育质量,加利福尼亚州基于全美学前教育质量评级与改进系统(QRIS)构建了学前教育分层质量评级和改进系统(TQRIS)。TQRIS采用多元质量评价工具,结合结构性评价和师幼互动评价,依靠持续的资金支持保障学前教育质量的不断提升。TQRIS在执行方式中体现出多元评价主体和人员的职能化、评估方式的规范化、评估结果的公开和透明等特色。TQRIS的经验可以为我国农村学前留守儿童的教育提供一定的借鉴。

In order to improve the educational quality of preschool institutions who serve the children with high demand in the state,California has constructed the California Preschool Tiered Quality Rating and Improvement System(TQRIS)based on the QRIS of the USA.TQRIS applies diversified quality evaluation tools,combines structural evaluation with teacher-child interaction evaluation,and relies on continuous financial support to ensure the continuous improvement of preschool education quality.The implement of TQRIS is characterized by multiple evaluation subjects and function of personnel,the standardized evaluation method,the openness and transparency of the evaluation results.The experience of TQRIS can be used for reference and enlightenment to the pre-school education of left-behind children in Chinese rural areas.