预见性护理措施对预防脑梗塞患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

The Effect of Predictive Nursing Measures on the Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Cerebral Infarction

目的探讨脑梗塞患者预见性护理措施预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果。方法回顾性方便选取2017年5月—2020年5月该院脑梗塞患者120例,依据护理措施分为预见性护理组(n=60)、常规性护理组(n=60)两组,统计分析两组患者的卒中评分、血流均速、峰速、住院时间、下肢肿胀程度、下肢深静脉血栓形成发生情况、护理满意度。结果预见性护理组患者的卒中评分显著低于常规性护理组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.360,P<0.05);血流均速、峰速均显著高于常规性护理组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.913、4.135,P<0.05);住院时间显著短于常规性护理组,差异有统计学意义(t=15.237,P<0.05)。预见性护理组和常规性护理组患者的下肢无肿胀、轻度肿胀比例[70.0%(42/60)、18.3%(11/60)vs 56.7%(34/60)、8.3%(5/60)]之间的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.297、2.596,P>0.05),预见性护理组患者的中度肿胀、重度肿胀比例均显著低于常规性护理组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.927、4.183,P<0.05)。预见性护理组患者的下肢深静脉血栓形成发生率0.00%(0/60)显著低于常规性护理组11.7%(7/60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.461,P<0.05)。预见性护理组患者的护理满意度91.7%(55/60)显著高于常规性护理组71.7%(43/60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.015,P<0.05)。结论脑梗塞患者预见性护理较常规性护理更能有效预防下肢深静脉血栓形成。

Objective To explore the effect of predictive nursing measures in preventing deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A retrospective convenient selection of 120 patients with cerebral infarction in the hospital from May 2017 to May 2020 were divided into two groups:predictive care group(n=60)and routine care group(n=60)based on nursing measures,statistical analysis of the stroke score,average blood flow velocity,peak velocity,length of hospital stay,swelling degree of lower limbs,occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients were statistically analyzed.Results The stroke scores of patients in the predictive nursing group were significantly lower than those in the conventional nursing group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.360,P<0.05).The average blood flow velocity and peak velocity were significantly higher than those in the conventional nursing group,and the difference were statistically significant(t=3.913,4.135,P<0.05),the length of hospital stay was significantly shorter than that of the conventional nursing group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=15.237,P<0.05).The proportion of patients in the predictive nursing group and the routine nursing group with no swelling and mild swelling of the lower limbs[70.0%(42/60),18.3%(11/60)vs 56.7%(34/60),8.3%(5/60)]were not statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=2.297,2.596,P>0.05).The proportions of moderate swelling and severe swelling in the predictive care group were significantly lower than those in the conventional care group,and the difference were statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.927,4.183,P<0.05).The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremity of patients in the predictive care group was 0.00%(0/60),which was significantly lower than that of the routine care group by 11.7%(7/60),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.461,P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of patients in the predictive nursing group was 91.7%(55/60)significantly higher than 71.7%(43/60)in the conventional nursing group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.015,P<0.05).Conclusion Predictive nursing for patients with cerebral infarction is more effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs than conventional nursing.