财政补贴、税收优惠与企业技术创新能力——基于盈利能力的视角

Fiscal Subsidies,Tax Preferences and Technological Innovation Capability of Enterprises:Based on the Perspective of Profitability

文章选取2015—2018年沪深两市A股上市高新技术企业为研究样本,利用面板数据模型,研究财政补贴、税收优惠对企业技术创新能力的影响,并研究盈利能力对财政补贴、税收优惠与企业技术创新能力关系的影响。结果表明,财政补贴对企业专利产出、企业研发经费投入及企业研发人员的投入具有促进作用。税收优惠对企业专利产出具有促进作用,但是对研发经费投入和研发人员的投入不具有促进作用。如果政府对高新技术企业同时使用财政补贴和税收优惠,更容易促进企业研发经费投入、研发人员投入及企业专利产出。相比于低盈利企业,高盈利企业中财政补贴和税收优惠对企业研发经费投入和企业专利产出的影响更大,但不能促进研发人员投入。

The high-tech enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2015 to 2018 were selected as the research samples.The panel data model was used to study the impact of fiscal subsidies and tax incentives on the technological innovation ability of enterprises,and the impact of profitability on the relationship between fiscal subsidies,tax incentives and technological innovation ability of enterprises.The results show that financial subsidies have a positive effect on patent output,R&D funds input and R&D personnel input.Tax incentives can promote the patent output of enterprises,but do not promote the input of R&D funds and R&D personnel.If the government uses both financial subsidies and tax incentives for high-tech enterprises,it is easier to promote the input of R&D funds,input of R&D personnel and output of enterprise patents.Compared with low profit enterprises,fiscal subsidies and tax incentives have a greater impact on R&D expenditure and patent output of enterprises in high profit enterprises,but they cannot promote the input of R&D personnel.