种青养殖模式提升草鱼肌肉中胶原蛋白的相关研究

Study on the collagen improvement of muscle from Ctenopharyngodon idellus with grass feed

草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)是中国重要的淡水养殖鱼类。近年来,随着养殖产量的提升,草鱼肌肉品质越来越受到人们的重视。不同的养殖模式对于草鱼的肌肉品质有着重要影响,本实验开展了种青养殖模式下草鱼肌肉胶原蛋白的相关研究,并与饲料养殖模式下的草鱼进行比较分析。本实验分别对两种养殖模式下的草鱼肌肉进行了组织学和肌膜微观结构观察、胶原蛋白含量测定和胶原蛋白相关基因的表达分析。组织学观察结果表明,与饲料养殖模式相比,种青养殖模式下草鱼的肌纤维直径和面积较小,肌膜较粗,肌膜中的胶原纤维更多且排列更加紧密有序。根据羟脯氨酸的测定结果显示,种青养殖模式下草鱼肌肉的胶原蛋白含量高于饲料养殖模式。胶原蛋白相关基因的表达分析结果表明,与饲料养殖模式对比,种青养殖模式下草鱼I型胶原蛋白相关合成基因col1α1、col1α2以及调控通路TGF-β1/smad中基因smad4的表达水平均显著升高。本实验结果表明,种青养鱼模式可使草鱼肌肉中的肌膜组织增粗,同时肌膜组织中胶原纤维增多且排列紧密,提升草鱼肌肉中胶原蛋白含量及胶原相关基因的表达水平。

Ctenopharyngodon idellus is an important freshwater cultured fish in China.In recent years,with the increase of aquaculture production,the muscle quality of C.idellus has attracted more and more attention.Different diet has an important impact on fish muscle quality.This study carried out related research on the muscle collagen of C.idellus with grass feed,and conducted the comparison with the muscle collagen from the C.idellus with artificial feed.In this study,muscle histological observation,sarcolemma microstructure observation,collagen content measurement and collagen related genes expression were carried out.The results of histological observation showed the smaller diameter and area of muscle fiber,and thicker sarcolemma with more tightly organized collagen fibers in C.idellus muscle with grass feed compared with those of C.idellus with artificial feed.The hydroxyproline composition measurement results suggested the higher content of collagen in the grass feed group compared with the artificial feed group.The results of collagen related genes expression analysis indicated that the expression levels of type I collagen genes col1α1 and col1α2,regulatory pathway genes TGF-β1 and smad4 were significantly higher in grass feed group compared with the artificial feed group.These results suggest that the grass feed could thicken sarcolemma,enhance the distribution and arrangement of collagen fibers in sarcolemma,and improve collagen content and its related genes expression in C.idellus muscle.