宋人尺牍中的馈赠活动研究——以北宋名家为例

Research on the Present Giving Activity in Song Dynasty Epistolary Letters:Using the Famous Litterateurs of the Northern Song Dynasty as Examples

两宋私人尺牍四万余篇,包含着政治、经济、文化、文学、艺术诸多方面的历史信息,是一座宋代社会历史文化宝藏,拥有极大的研究价值。尺牍作为一种综合性应用文体,它的功能不限于文学,纯文学的研究自然不能发掘它的全部价值。宋人尺牍之中存在着大量的物质馈赠、礼尚往来的内容,尤其是北宋欧阳修、苏轼、黄庭坚诸家,尺牍之中至少有两成以上的物质内容,黄庭坚尺牍之中涉及物质往来者达半数以上,尺牍之中的馈赠现象显然是值得关注的。同时,通过这些作为“信”的馈赠物品与作为“书”的尺牍的关联的研究,我们还能进一步探讨宋人尺牍往来及伴随的物质馈赠在宋人交游活动中真实功用与价值。

There are forty thousand epistolary letters in the Song Dynasty,containing rich history messages related to politics,economy,culture,literature,art etc.,which is a great treasure rich in research values.As a kind of multi-function practical writing,these letters cannot be seen only as literature works.The Song Dynasty epistolary letters contain lots of present giving activities,especially among the famous litterateurs.There are a large number of records of gifts exchanges in the Song dynasty’s epistolary books,especially in the northern Song Dynasty elites such as Ouyang Xiu,Su Shi and Huang Tingjian’s letters.At least 20%of the letters involve material exchange,and half of Huang Tingjian’s letters involve material exchanges.The phenomenon of gifting in the epistolary letters is obviously worth paying attention to.At the same time,through the study of the relationship between these gifts in letters and letter with gifts,we can further explore the real function and value of the letter exchanges and the related material gifts in the social activities of Song people.