从认知语法理论看汉语“名含动”的可能性

Possibility of “Super-noun” Hypothethis from the Perspective of Cognitive Grammar

沈家煊先生的"名含动"假说在中国语言学界有较大影响。但是因为其对传统理论提出挑战,学界对这一理论有赞同也有质疑。赞成者认为,这个学说已经不仅仅是一个观点,更是一套完整的理论和方法论体系。质疑者认为,该理论使原本简单的事情变得复杂,其可行性有待商榷。从认知语法的语法范畴、语义定义、心理扫描、侧显、活跃区、模拟等理论,观察认知语法对名动关系的认识,可以发现"名含动"的理论实质与认知语法的主张并行不悖,在汉语语法里将动词看作名词大范畴的成员这一假说不仅是可能的,也是可靠的。

"Super-noun"hypothesis,put forward by Shen Jiaxuan,has a great impact on the realm of Chinese linguistics.Some linguists respond positively as it is an innovative view and has its theoretical system and methodology,but others have queries about its reliability and feasibility since it challenges traditional Chinese grammatical doctrines and there will likely be dangers to make simple things complex.This paper tries to view the hypothesis from the angle of those theories on noun-verb relations from cognitive grammar to see its feasibility and finds that the spiritual nature of "super-noun",runs in parallel with that of arguments in cognitive grammar.It is concluded that"super-noun",as a global category with verb as it sub-category in Chinese grammar is not only possible and feasible but reliable.