钙、硅、镁对小果型西瓜裂果及品质的影响

Effect of calcium,silicium,magnesium on fruit cracking and quality of small watermelon

针对小果型西瓜在生产中存在的皮薄易裂果问题,以美月为材料,采用正交试验法以3种浓度梯度的钙、硅、镁元素设置9组不同的营养液配方处理,研究不同处理对美月西瓜的抗裂性及品质的影响。结果表明,添加适宜浓度比例的钙、硅、镁元素均能提高美月西瓜的抗裂性,并能增强植株长势,提高单瓜质量,提高维生素C、可溶性蛋白含量。其中,以6号处理(Ca 200 mg·L^(-1)、Si 42 mg·L^(-1)、Mg 60 mg·L^(-1))与9号处理(Ca 220 mg·L^(-1)、Si 56 mg·L^(-1)、Mg 72 mg·L^(-1))的西瓜在抗裂性与果实品质方面表现最好。从降低生产成本和降低肥料使用量综合考虑,可优先选择6号处理。

To reduce the fruit cracking of watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)by adding calcium,silicium and magnesium in nutrient solutions.We applyed the orthogonal test to design 9 kinds of different nutrient solutions composed by 3 different concentration ladders of calcium,silicium and magnesium respectively to grow watermelon Meiyue in order to investigate chemical elements’effects on its anti-cracking ability and quality.Results indicated all of the 9 nutrient solutions had the significant capacity to improve anti-cracking ability and growing ability of watermelon Meiyue.Weight as well as the content of vitamin C and soluble protein of the watermelon Meiyue were also observed increased significantly.Out of these nutrient solutions treatment,grown in T6 nutrient solutions(Ca 200 mg·L^(-1),Si 42 mg·L^(-1) and Mg 60 mg·L^(-1))as well as No.9 nutrient solutions(Ca 220 mg·L^(-1),Si 56 mg·L^(-1) and Mg 72 mg·L^(-1))showed most significant improvements in anti-cracking ability and quality.With the consideration of less cost and fertilization,T6 was the best choice in practice.