三门峡市某中学一起H_(3)N_(2)流感暴发疫情调查

An Outbreak Epidemic Investigation of H_(3)N_(2) Influenza in a Middle School in Sanmenxia City

目的分析三门峡市某中学发生的一起流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为制定流感在大型人群聚集性场所暴发的防控策略提供依据。方法根据病例定义开展病例搜索和流行学调查,采用RT-PCR方法对采集的流感样病例标本进行核酸检测,使用Epidata 3.1和Excel 2010进行数据整理,使用SPSS 22.0进行数据分析。结果该学校此次流感暴发共搜索到流感样病例45例,总罹患率为3.85%。病例主要分布在七年级和八年级,各年级之间的罹患率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。33个班级中新教学楼9个班级和老教学楼13个班级均有病例报告。采集11份病例咽拭子标本中检出7份流感病毒核酸阳性,均为甲型H_(3)N_(2)病毒。结论该起事件是由H_(3)N_(2)亚型流感病毒引起的流感暴发疫情。学校未及时发现病例和未及时对病例进行隔离管控,是导致学校大部分班级感染的主要原因,学生之间频繁的接触和流动加剧了该次疫情。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an influenza outbreak in a middle school in Sanmenxia City,so as to provide evidence for making the prevention and control strategies of influenza outbreaks in large population gathering places.Methods Cases search and epidemiological investigation were carried out according to the definition of cases.RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza like cases.Epidata 3.1 and excel 2010 were used to sort the data.SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 45 influenza like cases were found in the school,with a total attack rate of 3.85%.The cases were mainly distributed in Grade 7 and grade 8,and there was no difference in the incidence rate among different grades(P>0.05).Among the 33 classes,9 classes in the new teaching building and 13 classes in the old teaching building had case reports.Throat swabs collected from 11 cases were positive for influenza virus nucleic acid in 7 cases,all of which were H_(3)N_(2)virus.Conclusion It was confirmed that the incident is caused by H_(3)N_(2)influenza virus.The cases were not detected in time by the school and quarantine control on the cases did not carried out in time,which is the main reason for most classes in the school to be infected with influenza.The frequent contact and mobility among students exacerbate the epidemic.