新疆农业生产效率测度的实证研究——基于农业高质量发展新视角

Calculation of Production Efficiency of Xinjiang Agricultural:Based on High-quality Development

基于农业高质量发展的宏观背景,从传统和高质量双重视角构建农业生产效率测度指标体系,测算新疆81个县域的农业生产综合效率、技术效率和规模效率,并且通过环境变量对投入指标进行调整。结果显示:(1)新疆农业生产效率较低。未考虑环境因素时,生产技术落后是拉低综合效率的重要原因;经过环境因素调整,生产规模还有进一步提升空间。(2)新疆各地区农业生产效率差异较大,并且效率提升路径有所不同。(3)不同环境因素对农业生产效率影响存在差异。经济发展水平提升通过影响机械化程度促进效率提高,城镇化水平提升通过影响劳动力人数、信息化水平、机械化程度和化肥施用量促进效率提高,城乡收入差距扩大通过影响耕地面积促进效率提高,政府财政干预加强通过影响耕地面积、机械化程度和化肥施用量促进效率提高。

Based on the macro background of high-quality agricultural development,construct an agricultural production efficiency measurement index system from the dual perspectives of traditional and high-quality,measure the comprehensive efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural production in 81 counties in Xinjiang,and adjust input indicators through environmental variables.The empirical results show that:(1)Xinjiang’s agricultural production efficiency is low.When environmental factors are not considered,backward production technology is an important reason for lowering overall efficiency;after adjustments to environmental factors,there is still room for further improvement in production scale.(2)There are large differences in agricultural production efficiency in various regions of Xinjiang,and the efficiency improvement paths are different.(3)Different environmental factors have different effects on agricultural production efficiency.The improvement of economic development level promotes efficiency improvement by affecting the degree of mechanization,and the improvement of urbanization level promotes efficiency improvement by affecting the number of laborers,the level of informationization,the degree of mechanization,and the amount of chemical fertilizers.Strengthen the promotion of efficiency by affecting the area of arable land,the degree of mechanization and the amount of fertilizer applied.