云南籼稻小苗机插技术研究

Preliminary Study on Mechanical Transplanting Technique of Small Indica Rice Seedlings in Yunnan Province

为了降低机插稻育秧、运秧劳动强度,在云南籼稻地区探索籼稻小苗机插技术。以吉优716为材料,设置160 g/盘(T1)和180 g/盘(T2)2个播种量处理,秧龄9 d,每667 m^(2)大田用秧6盘。以常规播种量70 g/盘,15 d秧龄,每667 m^(2)用秧15盘为对照,比较分析了不同处理间秧苗素质、栽插质量、茎蘖动态和产量的差异。结果表明,虽然密播小苗处理秧苗素质不如对照,并且缺丛率较高,但每丛基本苗数、各时期的茎蘖数和有效穗数均显著高于对照,最终产量均高于对照。较高的有效穗数是机插密播小苗技术增产的主要原因。其中,T1处理用种量比对照减少了8.57%,秧盘数比对照减少60%,但产量比对照增加了9.0%,节本增效的效果明显,具有较大的推广潜力。

Absrtact:In order to reduce the labor intensity in seedling raising and transportation of mechanically transplanted rice seedlings,the mechanical transplanting technique of small seedlings of indica rice was explored in the indica rice growing area of Yunnan Province.Jiyou 716 was used as material,two sowing rates of 160 g/tray(T1)and 180 g/tray(T2),with the seedling age of 9 days,and 6 trays of seedlings per 667 m^(2) were set,with conventional sowing rate of 70 g/tray,15-day seedling age and 15 trays seedlings per 667 m^(2) as control,the differences of seedling quality,transplanting quality,tiller number and yield were studied.The results showed that the seedling quality of T1 and T2 treatments was worse and the empty hill percentage was higher,but the basic seedling number per hill,tiller number and effective spikes were significantly higher than the control.The higher effective panicle number was the main reason for the increase of yield in T1 and T2 treatments.The seed consumption in T1 treatment was reduced by 8.57%and the number of trays was reduced by 60%,but the yield was increased by 9.0%compared with the control.The technique has the obvious effects of cost savings and efficiency increasing,and has great promotion potential.