合肥市2019名社区居民健康行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on health behavior status and influencing factors of 2019 community residents in Hefei City

目的了解合肥市社区居民健康行为水平并探讨其影响因素,为后期健康行为干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,抽取合肥市4个行政区中的8个社区内15~69岁2019名居民,运用一般情况调查表、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ进行调查。结果社区居民健康行为总分149.21±28.69分,各维度得分从低到高分别为健康责任行为(19.83±6.35)分、运动锻炼行为(22.57±5.13)分、饮食营养行为(25.38±5.56)分、人际关系行为(25.87±6.14)分、压力应对行为(26.85±5.64)分和自我实现(28.71±5.38)分。多元线性回归方程结果显示,年龄、学历和是否接受过健康知识普及和技能指导,可共同解释健康促进生活方式总分20.6%的变异量。结论社区居民健康行为处于中等水平,年龄、学历和是否接受过健康知识普及和技能指导是社区居民健康行为的主要影响因素,需面向不同人群在社区内有针对性的加强健康教育,以改善居民的健康行为,年龄在40岁以上和中专以下学历人群更是健康行为指导的重点人群。

Objective To understand the health behavior level of community residents in Hefei City and explore its influencing factors,so as to provide the evidence for the health behavior intervention in the future.Methods A total of 2019 residents aged 15-69 years from 8 communities in 4 administrative districts of Hefei City were selected by using the multi-stage stratified sampling method,and they were investigated by the general information questionnaire and Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ-R).Results The total score of health promotion lifestyle was(149.21±28.69).The scores of each dimension from low to high were health responsibility behavior(19.83±6.35),exercise behavior(22.57±5.13),dietary nutrition behavior(25.38±5.56),interpersonal relationship behavior(25.87±6.14),stress management behavior(26.85±5.64),and self-realization(28.71±5.38).The multiple linear regression equations showed that age,education,and whether to accept the popularization of health knowledge and skill could explain the variation of 20.6% of the total score of health promotion lifestyle.Conclusion The health behavior of community residents is in the middle level.Age,education background and whether they have received health knowledge popularization and skill guidance are the main influencing factors of the health lifestyle of community residents.It is necessary to strengthen the health education for different groups in the community in order to improve the health behavior of them.People over 40 years old and those with educational background below technical secondary school are the key groups of health behavior guidance.